In part of the ayaat of fasting in surah al-Baqarah, Allah permits the believers to engage in sexual relations with their spouses during nights of fasting days by saying:
أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَىٰ نِسَائِكُمْ ۚ هُنَّ لِبَاسٌ لَّكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لِبَاسٌ لَّهُنَّ ۗ عَلِمَ اللَّـهُ أَنَّكُمْ كُنتُمْ تَخْتَانُونَ أَنفُسَكُمْ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَعَفَا عَنكُمْ ۖ فَالْآنَ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَابْتَغُوا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّـهُ لَكُمْ
It has been made permissible for you to go to your wives on the nights of fasting. They are clothing for you and you are clothing for them. Allah knows that you used to deceive yourselves, so He accepted your repentance and forgave you. So now, have relations with them and seek that which Allah has decreed for you. [2:187]
The phrase “and seek what Allah has decreed for you” has been interpreted in multiple ways by the salaf. Ibn al-Jawzi summarized the different explanations in his book of tafsir by writing:
وابتغوا ما كتب الله لكم فيه أربعة أقوال . أحدها: أنه الولد ، قاله ابن عباس ، والحسن ، ومجاهد في آخرين . قال بعض أهل العلم: لما كانت المباشرة قد تقع على ما دون الجماع ، أباحهم الجماع الذي يكون من مثله الولد ، فقال: وابتغوا ما كتب الله لكم يريد: الولد . والثاني: أن الذي كتب لهم الرخصة ، وهو قول قتادة ، وابن زيد . والثالث: أنه ليلة القدر . رواه أبو الجوزاء عن ابن عباس . والرابع: أنه القرآن ، فمعنى الكلام: اتبعوا القرآن ، فما أبيح لكم وأمرتم به فهو المبتغى ، وهذا اختيار الزجاج . ـ
وَابْتَغُوا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّـهُ لَكُمْ
… and seek what Allah has decreed for you.
There are four opinions regarding this phrase:
1) That it refers to offspring. This was the opinion of ibn ‘Abbaas, al-Hasan al-Basri, and the position that Mujahid settled on.
Some of the scholars have said: This is stated because “relations” could involve things that do not reach the level of full sexual intercourse, so Allah permitted them to engage in the sexual relations which result in offspring by saying, “seek what Allah decreed for you”, meaning “children”. Continue reading